add_shortcode() │ WP 2.5.0

Suppose we need to create several shortcodes of the same type, which have the same parameters allowed. It is not necessary to create a separate PHP function for each shortcode, but we can use the same function for all the shortcodes.

To understand which shortcode works inside the function, a third parameter is passed to the shortcode function, which contains the name of the current shortcode:

add_shortcode( 'baz-up', 'baz_func' );
add_shortcode( 'baz-down', 'baz_func' );

function baz_func( $atts, $content, $tag ) {

	// some general logic, like processing $atts variables
	$atts = shortcode_atts( array(
		'foo' => 'no foo',
		'baz' => 'default baz'
	), $atts );

	if( 'baz-up' === $tag ){
		$content = 'The shortcode [baz-up] contint is ' . $atts['foo'];
	}
	elseif( 'baz-down' === $tag ){
		$content = 'The shortcode [baz-down] contint is ' . $atts['foo'];
	}

	return $content;
}

add_shortcode( 'footag', 'footag_func' );

function footag_func( $atts ){
	 return "foo = ". $atts['foo'];
}

// Result:
// the shortcode [footag foo="bar"] will be replaced by "foo = bar" in the text

An example of how to create such a shotcode: [baztag]here is text[/baztag]:

add_shortcode( 'baztag', 'baztag_func' );

function baztag_func( $atts, $content ) {
	 return "content = $content";
}

// Result:
// the shottcode construction will be replaced by "content = here text"

If your plugin is written by a class:

add_shortcode( 'baztag', [ 'MyPlugin', 'baztag_func' ] );

class MyPlugin {

	 public static function baztag_func( $atts, $content ) {
			return "content = $content";
	 }
}

OR

class MyPlugin {

	public function baztag_func( $atts, $content ) {
		return "content = $content";
	}
}

$class = new MyPlugin();
add_shortcode( 'baztag', [ $class, 'baztag_func' ] );

This example shows how to create a shortcode to insert an iframe.

add_shortcode( 'iframe', 'Generate_iframe' );

function Generate_iframe( $atts ) {
	$atts = shortcode_atts( [
		'href'   => 'http://example.com',
		'height' => '550px',
		'width'  => '600px',
	], $atts );

	return strtr( '
		<iframe src="{src}" width="{width}" height="{height}">
			<p>Your Browser does not support Iframes.</p>
		</iframe>', 
		[
			'{src}'    => esc_attr( $atts['href'] ),
			'{width}'  => esc_attr( $atts['width'] ),
			'{height}' => esc_attr( $atts['height'] ),
		]
	);
}

// usage:
// [iframe href="http://www.exmaple.com" height="480" width="640"]

Suppose we need to connect a specially prepared file via shortcode:

add_shortcode( '4cards', 'shortcode_4cards' );

function shortcode_4cards() {
	ob_start();

	/**
	 * Connects the file to the path:
	 * my_domain/wp-content/themes/my_theme/templates/shortcodes/4_cards.php
	 */
	get_template_part( 'templates/shortcodes/4_cards' );

	return ob_get_clean();
}

// Example of a shortcode call: ``[4cards]``

Thanks to the parameters that can be passed to the shortcode, you can provide for dynamic connection of the desired file from a folder. Let's refine the example:

add_shortcode( 'cards', 'shortcode_cards' );

function shortcode_cards( $atts ) {
	ob_start();

	// white parameter list
	$atts = shortcode_atts( [
		'template' => '',
	], $atts );

	/**
	 * Connects the file to the path:
	 * my_domain/wp-content/themes/my_theme/templates/shortcodes/transmitted_file_name.php
	 */
	get_template_part( "templates/shortcodes/{$atts['template']}" );

	return ob_get_clean();
}

Examples of shortcode calls:

# /theme/templates/shortcodes/card-1.php
[cards template="card-1"]

# /theme/templates/shortcodes/card-2.php
[cards template="card-2"]

# /theme/templates/shortcodes/cart-1/block-1.php
[cards template="cart-1/block-1"]

Beware that the first argument passed to the callback is an empty string if no attributes are set in the shortcode. So a type declaration will fail:

“Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Argument 1 passed to shortcode_callback() must be of the type array, string given”

Use a check whether $arguments is not an array and if so, replace it with an empty array:

function shortcode_callback( $attributes, string $content, string $shortcode ) {

	if ( ! is_array( $attributes ) ) {
		$attributes = [];
	}

	// do stuff
}

In order for a shortcode to have only the parameters we specified and for these parameters to have default values, you need to use the function shortcode_atts():

add_shortcode( 'bartag', 'bartag_func' );

function bartag_func( $atts ){
	// white list of parameters and default values
	$atts = shortcode_atts( array(
		'foo' => 'no foo',
		'baz' => 'default baz'
	), $atts );

	return "foo = {$atts['foo']}";
}

Get the post by ID using the [testimonials id="272"] shortcode.

Place the following code into the theme functions.php file.

add_shortcode( 'testimonials', 'testimonials_shortcode_handler' );

function testimonials_shortcode_handler( $atts ){

	global $post;

	$rg = (object) shortcode_atts( [
		'id' => null
	], $atts );

	if( ! $post = get_post( $rg->id ) )
		return '';

	$url = wp_get_attachment_url( get_post_thumbnail_id( $post->ID ) );

	$out = '
	<div class="testimonial">
		<div class="testimonial-img">
			<img src="'. $url .'" />
		</div>
		<div class="testimonial-content">

			<img src="' . esc_attr( $post->logo ) . '" alt="icon" />

			<p class="testimonial_desc">'. get_the_content() .'</p>

			<div class="author-details">
				<img src="' . esc_attr( $post->author_image ) .'" alt="image">
				<p>
					'. esc_html( $post->author_name ) .'
					<span>'. esc_html( $post->author_designation ) .'</span>
				</p>
			</div>
		</div>
	</div>
	';

	wp_reset_postdata();

	return $out;
}